A total of 118 journalists and 31 media organizations faced impacts during various movements in 2025, with the report from the Federation of Nepalese Journalists (FNJ) noting that two journalists lost their lives while on duty.
In contrast, there were 60 reported incidents of press freedom violations in 2024 and 58 in 2023, the report stated, marking the significant increase in 2025 as a serious issue of concern.
The FNJ pointed to the increasing lawlessness regarding crimes against journalists, the deteriorating financial state of media outlets, professional insecurities, and rising physical threats to journalists as contributors to the worsening situation.
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It also condemned what it referred to as “undemocratic actions” by the former KP Sharma Oli-led government, including a ban on 26 social media platforms, arguing that these actions represented significant setbacks for the media sector.
Throughout various protests and movements in 2025, media organizations faced institutional losses estimated at NPR 600 million, while journalists suffered personal property damages amounting to NPR 180 million, according to the FNJ.
The report noted that five journalists sustained gunshot injuries during the September Gen Z movement.
